Free Tool: Convert between Bits, Bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB

Use our free tool to convert data sizes between one unit of measurement to another.

Our file size converter tool supports Bytes, Kilobytes, Megabytes, Gigabytes, Terabytes, and other less known sizes in both decimal and binary prefixes. Enter the size and select the unit of your data then press the Convert button.

Note: the results are rounded to a maximum of 15 decimals.

We adopt a Privacy First mindset: Our tools don’t send back your data to our servers. We don’t store your usage history. We minimize data collection so you can use our tools with confidence.

What data units does the data size converter tool support?

This converter typically handles standard data storage units including Bits (b), Bytes (B), Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes (GB), Terabytes (TB), Petabytes (PB), and potentially their binary counterparts like Kibibytes (KiB), Mebibytes (MiB), Gibibytes (GiB), etc., ensuring comprehensive conversion options for your needs.

About units of memory

At their core, computers use vast numbers of electronic circuits that switch between ON and OFF states. These states are represented digitally by 0s and 1s, known as bits (Binary Digits). To represent numbers greater than one or other types of data, bits are grouped together. A standard grouping of eight bits is called a Byte.

A single Byte can hold values from 0 (binary 00000000) to 255 (binary 11111111), offering 28=256 unique combinations. Combining Bytes allows for representing larger numbers, text characters, and all other data within a computer.

When measuring computer memory or storage, you’ll encounter units like Kilobytes (KB) and Megabytes (MB). Traditionally, due to computers’ binary nature, these weren’t based on powers of 1000. Instead, 1 Kilobyte often meant 1024 Bytes (210), and 1 Megabyte meant 1024 Kilobytes, or 1,048,576 Bytes (10242).

This difference between binary (base-2) and decimal (base-10) values becomes substantial. For instance, a Gigabyte defined as 10243 Bytes is nearly 74 MB larger than one defined as 10003 Bytes. To clarify this, specific units like Kibibyte (KiB, 1024 B) and Mebibyte (MiB, 1024 KiB) are sometimes used, especially by operating systems.

It’s important to distinguish between memory (RAM) and storage (disk space), though both use these units. RAM (e.g., 16 GB) is the active workspace for the CPU, while disk space (e.g., a 1 TB SSD) provides long-term storage for your files and software.

Frequently Asked Questions about computer data storage units

What is a Byte?

A Byte (B) is a fundamental unit of digital information, typically consisting of 8 bits. It’s the basic unit used to represent a single character, like a letter or symbol, in most computer systems. File sizes and storage capacity are commonly measured starting from Bytes.

What is a data size converter?

A data size converter is a tool that translates digital storage measurements between different units, like bytes to megabytes or gigabytes to terabytes. It helps users understand file sizes, storage capacities, and data transfer rates in their preferred measurement units without performing manual calculations.

What’s the difference between Kilobyte (KB) and Kibibyte (KiB)?

A Kilobyte (KB) often refers to 1000 Bytes (decimal prefix), commonly used in marketing storage devices. A Kibibyte (KiB) refers to 1024 Bytes (binary prefix), which is how operating systems usually measure file sizes and memory capacity. This difference explains discrepancies in reported sizes for hard drives for example.

Why are there two data conversion standards (1000 vs 1024)?

You might need to compare storage device capacities (advertised in GB vs. OS-reported GiB), understand file sizes relative to storage limits, estimate download/upload times based on internet speed (often in Mbps), or simply grasp the scale of digital information across different units.

Why does my hard drive show less space in Windows?

Windows calculates storage using binary units (1 TiB = 1,024 GiB) but displays them as TB. Hard drive manufacturers use decimal units (1 TB = 1,000 GB). A 1 TB drive actually provides about 0.91 TiB of space, which Windows might display as “931 GB,” creating the illusion of missing space.

How does data size relate to download and upload transfer speed?

Download speed is typically measured in bits per second (bps), often Megabits per second (Mbps). Data size is usually in Bytes (e.g., MB, GB). To estimate download time, convert the file size to bits (multiply Bytes by 8) and divide by the speed (in bps).

Is there a difference between MB/s and Mbps?

Yes – MB/s (megabytes per second) and Mbps (megabits per second) differ by a factor of 8 since one byte equals 8 bits. For example, 8 Mbps equals 1 MB/s. Internet speeds are typically advertised in Mbps, while file transfer speeds are often shown in MB/s.

How do I convert download speeds to file transfer times?

Divide the file size by the download speed, ensuring both use the same unit base. For example, with an 800 MB file and 10 Mbps connection (1.25 MB/s), divide 800 MB by 1.25 MB/s to get 640 seconds or about 10.7 minutes.

What’s the largest unit of data measurement?

Currently, the largest standard unit is the yottabyte (YB), equal to 1 septillion bytes (10^24). Beyond that are emerging units like brontobytes and geopbytes. For most practical applications, measurements typically don’t exceed exabytes (EB) or zettabytes (ZB).

How do I calculate how much storage I need?

Add up the space required for your operating system (typically 15-30GB), applications (5-50GB depending on complexity), documents, photos, videos, and games. Include a 15-20% buffer for temporary files and future growth. Our converter helps translate these requirements between different storage units.

Why are network speeds measured in bits while storage in bytes?

Network speeds use bits (Mbps) due to telecommunications history, where data was transmitted bit-by-bit. Storage uses bytes because it’s the smallest addressable unit in computing. This distinction creates a factor-of-8 difference you should account for when calculating download times.

What data unit should I use for different contexts?

Use bytes for very small files, KB for small files like documents, MB for media files and applications, GB for large applications and storage devices, TB for large storage systems, and PB/EB for datacenter-scale storage. The converter helps you select the most appropriate unit.

What’s the maximum file size for different storage formats?

Maximum file sizes vary by format: FAT32 is limited to 4GB files, exFAT and NTFS support up to 16EB, while common cloud storage services typically limit individual files to 50GB-5TB.

data size converter free tool
($) Disclosure
BinaryFork is reader-supported. This means when you buy through some of the links on our site, we may earn a small commission at no extra cost for you. More details
The written content on our website is available free of charge because of the ads we're showing. Please support our efforts and deactivate your AdBlocker when you visit our site. Thank you!
Join our FREE Newsletter and learn computer tips you can use to do things faster
Every subscriber receives a PDF with the essential Windows 11 keyboard shortcuts.
I WANT TO JOIN!